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题型1
填空题
1、circadian rhythm
2、3D printing
3、经济学供需关系
4、shadow puppetry
5、ice planets
6、glassblowing
7、卫星moons Saturn hydrothermal vent
8、爵士乐,improvisation(即兴创作)
爵士乐以即兴演奏为核心特征,音乐家现场创作使每场演出独一无二。路易斯·阿姆斯特朗等大师推动其发展,并不断融合多元文化元素。至今,爵士乐仍以其创造力和表现力保持着活力与影响力。
9、远古的化石可以提供大量的当时的气候环境信息和生活环境信息。通过分析这些物质的形态以及化学组成,可以推断出当时的大气成分以及氧气的浓度。通过对当时花朵的分析,可以提供有关当时植物类型的信息。当科学家收集到足够多的信息时,就可以想办法重建当时的整个生态系统,并了解当时的生物多样性。
10、南美洲某群岛的长颈龟因脖子特长可啃食植物,10年前随最后一只个体死亡而灭绝,反映了人类活动及栖息地破坏对生态系统的剧烈影响。
题型2
1、water infrastructure
2、literature course
题型3
学术阅读
1、value theory
价值理论探究价值的本质,以及个人与集体层面值得追求的准则,研究事物好坏的判定标准,同时辨析价值属于客观特质还是主观偏好,还划分出内在价值与工具价值两类概念。
功利主义是该领域颇具影响力的理论,认为行为的道德价值由结果决定,追求整体幸福感最大化,深刻影响多个领域的伦理判断。但这一理论也存在争议,整合衡量幸福的方式可能漠视个人权利,还容易产生违背道德的取舍行为,医疗资源分配案例便凸显出其存在公平性方面的弊端。
2、radio astronomy
射电天文学利用无线电波观测天体,可捕捉光学设备无法探测的星体信号。该学科取得多项重大发现,既能助力还原宇宙早期样貌,也便于研究恒星末期演变与极端状态下的物质特性。不过人造设备产生的射频污染干扰宇宙信号观测,即便划定专属静谧观测区域,依旧难以抵挡无线技术发展带来的观测威胁。
3、Smog in London
1952 年伦敦大雾是环境史上标志性事件。受低温、无风天气影响,居民供暖与工厂燃煤排放的有害物质形成浓雾,整座城市被笼罩五天。这场灾难引发严重健康危机,城市能见度大幅降低,交通运转受阻。大量民众患上呼吸道疾病,死亡人数急剧攀升,上万民众因此过早离世,医疗机构与停尸场所都超负荷运转。
4、新的基因技术在农业的使用genetic modification food
5、theater lighting innovations
戏剧照明从日光发展到蜡烛、油灯,19世纪煤气灯提供更亮稳定的光源,世纪末电灯带来革命性变化,如彩色凝胶、聚光灯和调光系统,1919年《转变》即利用灯光营造心理氛围。当今LED技术高效灵活,灯光设计需在技术能力与艺术意图间取得平衡,强调设计师、导演与技术人员的协作。
6、demographic pattern
题型1
题型2
对话
题型3
题型4
1、kinetic art 动力艺术
这段播客讲解动态艺术:
动态艺术诞生于 20 世纪初,融合动态与视觉表达,区别于静态艺术品,作品可随环境产生动态变化。文中列举考尔德动态雕塑、扬森风力仿生装置等经典作品,先驱艺术家也借光影与动态革新艺术体验。同时这类艺术创作发展过程也面临不少挑战。
2、文学isolation
本节课探讨文学作品中常见的孤独主题,该意象能够体现人与社会隔绝后产生的心理影响。
文中列举三部经典著作加以阐释:《弗兰肯斯坦》里的人造怪物因外形怪异被排挤,深陷孤独并滋生复仇之心;《麦田里的守望者》主人公无法融入周遭世界,孤独感贯穿自身行为与内心挣扎;《白鲸记》的船长一心执念复仇,逐渐脱离同伴与本心,最终酿成悲剧。同时文学里对于孤独的刻画也并非全然负面。
3、帝王蝶迁徙(Monarch Butterfly)
北美一种蝴蝶每年夏季迁徙,科学家对其过程曾知之甚少。科技进步揭示了更多细节:蝴蝶在墨西哥某州停留三周补充能量,迁徙路线依赖太阳能供电设备,阴云天气会中断信息收集。
4、遥控器的发展
5、Archaeology
6、Mulberry做丝绸
7、非裔画家杰克逊・劳伦斯:喜欢画黑人作品;经常使用鲜亮的颜色,虽然人们觉得他的作品有点低龄化,但其实他刻意选择的表达形式
8、ball pen history
9、Geographic Information system
10、探讨积极的工作氛围如何通过降低压力、提升内在动机和促进信息共享来有效提升个人与团队的生产力。
11、堆肥比化肥的好处
12、泡沫经济
泡沫经济,就是经济最终像泡沫一样崩溃的现象,然后重点举了17世纪荷兰的“郁金香狂热”作为早期典型。之后,还提到了美国的某个经济泡沫案例。
13、城市规划
14、拜占庭帝国衰落后,希腊学者携古希腊语言与哲学典籍逃往意大利,通过与当地学者合作翻译,推动研究重心从神学转向人文科学,使意大利成为文艺复兴时期古希腊研究的中心与出版枢纽。
15、composting
有机垃圾填埋会产生甲烷,加剧全球气候变暖;堆肥可以有氧分解垃圾同时产出腐殖质,一方面能够护土促生长,另一方面还能够规避化肥长期伤土的弊端。
题型1
第1套:
You recently stayed at a hotel during a campus visit. While you generally liked the room, there were some issues with the room during your stay. You need to provide feedback to the hotel manager Ms. Thompson, and suggest improvements.
Write an email to Ms. Thompson. In your email, do the following:
Describe what you enjoyed about your stay.
Explain the issues you had with the room and stay.
Suggest ways that the hotel could make a guest's stay more peaceful
第2套:
You recently attended a seminar focused on communication skills. The seminar was highly valuable to you, and you would like to express your appreciation to the organizer.
Write an email to the seminar coordinator. In your email, you should:
Explain how the seminar was helpful to you
Request additional resources for improving communication skills
Express your admiration for their expertise in the field
第3套:
向房东询问度假房的细节
You are going to take a trip and plan to book vacation accommodation. Write an email to a travel agency staff member to consult relevant booking information.
Complete the three requirements below in your email:
State your intention to reserve vacation lodging and clarify your practical accommodation needs
Ask the staff to recommend suitable private houses or hotels that fit your requirements
Inquire about the price and unique advantages of different options, and expect to receive a best accommodation suggestion
第4套:
You are a student leader at your school and have been assigned to help plan your classfield trip. You have found a travel agency that offers comprehensive travel packagesand want to contact the travel agent, Mr. Brown, to inquire about their services.
Write an email to Mr. Brown. In your email, do the following:
Explain the purpose and dates of the class field trip.
Ask about the available offers for large groups.
Request details on how they can accommodate specific travel needs and additionalservices offered.
第5套:
technology conference
You have signed up to take part in an upcoming technology-themed conference. Write an email to the conference organizer to consult relevant matters.
Your email needs to finish the three required tasks:
Express your excitement about attending the event and talk about the technology topics you are most interested in
Ask about detailed entry procedures and important notes for participants
Inquire whether digital documents or relevant materials of the conference can be provided in advance
第6套:
You have attended a career planning seminar and regarded its content highly valuable. You wish to stay connected and have further communication with the speaker. Write an email to the seminar speaker.
You need to accomplish the three tasks as follows:
Point out which seminar topics have benefited you greatly
Ask the speaker for access to more related communication and learning resources
Express sincere appreciation for the meaningful and insightful content shared in the seminar
题型2
第1套:
Dr. Gupta
We've been discussing the importance of customer feedback in product development. Gathering feedback can help companies understand customer needs and improve their products. However, some argue that relying too heavily on customer feedback can stifle innovation and lead to mediocre products. What is your opinion on this?
Paul
Customer feedback is essential for product development. It helps companies understand customer needs and preference ensuring that products are tailored to the market. Feedback can guide improvements and enhance customer satisfaction.
Kelly
I believe that relying too heavily on customer feedback can stifle innovation.
Companies should balance feedback with creative vision to avoid producing medicore products. Innovation often requires taking risks and pursuing new ideas that customers may not initially recognize.
第2套:
Dr. Diaz
We often discuss the influence of social media on modern society. Social media platforms can connect people globally and promote the exchange of ideas. However, they can also lead to misinformation and negatively impact mental health. Do you think social media has a more positive or negative impact on society? Why?
Kelly
I believe social media has a positive impact on society. It keeps people connected with friends and family, share experiences, and access information quickly. Social media can also be a powerful tool for raising awareness about important issues.
Paul
In my opinion, social media has a negative impact on society. It can spread misinformation quickly and contribute tomental health problems like anxiety and depression. People often compare themselves to others on social media, which can lead to feelings of inadequacy.
第3套:
Dr. Achebe
Today's educational institutions need to prepare students for a world impacted by climate change and other environmental problems. Education that focuses on science and technology can help students develop innovative solutions to environmental problems. On the other hand, education that emphasizes social sciences and ethics can foster students' deeper understanding of environmental problems and their effects. In your view, which of these two approaches best prepares students to face climate change and other environmental issues?
Claire:
Focusing on social sciences like history and human geography helps us to see how our actions affect global communities. By learning about different cultures and the environment, we understand the need for collective action. This knowledge encourages us to work together to improve the environment on a global scale.
Andrew:
Technical skills are essential in combating climate change. They provide tangible solutions to environmental issues. Education should prioritize teaching these skills, as they directly address and solve problems like renewable energy development and waste reduction. A practical approach like this can ensure a better future for all.
第4套:
Dr. Gupta:
Balancing work and social life is challenging. On one hand, working full-time is important for financial stability and career growth. On the other, maintaining a healthy social life is crucial for emotional well-being and stress relief. How can people best manage a demanding job while still enjoying meaningful relationships and activities outside work? I'm curious to learn your thoughts. Is it possible to maintain a healthy social life while working full-time?
Andrew:
Yes, but you have to set limits on work and prioritize your health and well-being.Focusing exclusively on work causes stress and burnout, which is bad for your career in the long run. Enjoying social activities is vital for your health. By setting the right boundaries, you can balance work with a healthy social life.
Claire:
In my opinion, using technology to plan social activities can significantly enhance our social life. Tools like digital calendars and reminder apps help optimize free time, ensuring we don't miss out on valuable social interactions. This strategic planning can make maintaining a social life feasible, even with a full-time job.
第5套:
Doctor Gupta
We've been discussing development priorities for social advancement. Policymakers and leaders have to decide which area takes precedence in future social development. Some people hold that environmental protection should be prioritized, for protecting natural resources and ecosystems is fundamental to long-term sustainable development. Others believe social welfare such as medical care, education and economic opportunities should come first to improve people’s current life quality. In your view, should environmental protection or social welfare be the top priority for future development? Why?
Claire
I think environmental protection deserves priority. A sound ecological environment is the essential foundation of all social development. Proper conservation of nature can ensure stable and lasting development for future generations.
Andrew
I maintain that social welfare should be placed first. Improving people’s well-being is the most practical goal. Optimizing education, healthcare and employment conditions can directly satisfy people’s real demands and raise overall happiness.
第6套:
Dr. Gupta
We have been discussing the integration of technology in educational settings. Some educators believe that digital tools enhance student learning by providing interactive and engaging experiences. Others are concerned that too much technology in the classroom can be distracting and may negatively impact learning outcomes. Do you think the use of technology in education is beneficial or harmful to students? Why?
Kelly:
I believe that technology in education is beneficial for students. It provides interactive learning experiences that can make complex topics easier to understand. Additionally, digital tools can cater to various learning styles, making education more accessible.
Paul:
In my opinion, excessive use of technology in the classroom can be harmful. it can distract students from their studies and reduce face-to-face interactions with teachers and peers. A balanced approach is necessary to ensure that technology enhances, rather than hinders, learning.
第7套:
Doctor Gupta
We've been discussing the popularization of online news sources in modern society. Nowadays people can easily obtain information with various different viewpoints from numerous online news platforms. Some people think this trend enriches public knowledge and helps people become more open-minded. Others argue that it accelerates the spread of false information and further deepens social division. Do you think the wide access to diverse online news brings more positive or negative influences to society? Why?
Claire
I think abundant online news sources produce more positive effects. They allow people to listen to different voices freely, expand personal vision and foster inclusive thinking, which is helpful for people to view social events in an all-round way.
Andrew
I hold the opposite opinion that it causes more negative results. Mass unregulated online news contains plenty of inaccurate content to mislead the public. Meanwhile, conflicting extreme views will make people hold firm prejudices and aggravate social polarization.
题型1
复述句子
第1套:
观鸟
Look toward the treetops where you can find nests.
Note details to help identify the bird.
Keep a record of each sighting to share with the group later.
Wear proper footwear to keep from slipping while exploring outdoors.
Keep your head covered to protect yourself from the sun on your walk.
When getting ready for a day out, be sure to pack essentials to be prepared.
If you spot a bird nearby, avoid sudden movements so it does not fly away.
第2套:
手工缝扣子
First, thread needle and tie a knot.
Position button on fabric.
Push needle gently through fabric and button.
Sew tightly through each of holes between 3 and 5 times.
Tie a strong knot at back to firmly secure your work.
Cut any extra thread, then repeat same steps if there are other buttons.
If your fingers are sensitive, use a thimble for protection while sewing.
第3套:
旅行社前台
Welcome to the travel agency.
We offer travel packages for many destinations.
You can ask about flights, hotels, and tour plans.
Our staff can help you choose the best option.
Please provide your travel dates when booking a trip.
Some packages include transportation and guided tours.
For more details, speak with an agent at the desk.
第4套:
Start with the customer's travel dates.
Suggest flights that match their traveling times.
Propose lodgings that fit their budget and are close to attractions.
Offer travel insurance options to give clients Peace of Mind.
Recommend guided tours that hightlight the local culture.
Before booking the reservation, go over the details with the client.
When customers are ready to pay, process the payment to confirm their booking.
第5套:
修自行车
First, select the right tool to remove the wheel.
Next, deflate the tire completely.
Carefully locate the puncture hole and mark it with a pin.
Select a patch from the repair kit and apply it firmly.
Use the pump to inflate the tire to the correct pressure.
Check for additional leaks by submerging the tube in a bucket of water.
If there are no new problems, reattach the wheel back to the bicycle.
第6套:
野外露营
第7套:
做咖啡
Turn on your coffee machine to heat up the water
Warm your coffee cup before using it
Make a small cup of espresso
the hot coffee into a large mug
Steam the milk until it’s hot
Pour the hot milk into the center of the coffee slowly
As the cup fills, add a foam and sprinkle a pinch of cocoa powder over the foam
题型2
面试
第1套:
job satisfaction
You have agreed to participate in a research study about people's experiences with job satisfaction. You will have a short online interview with a researcher. The researcher will ask you some questions.
Thank you for helping with our study. I'd like to ask you some questions about your job satisfaction. First, what do you think are the most important things to consider when looking for a job?
Got it, that's helpful. Now, can you describe a job that either you or one of your friends has had? What kind of work was involved?
Noted. Moving on, what kinds of things do you think can lead people to feel unhappy in their work? Can you tell me about one or two of them?
Great. And finally, some people believe that working for a large company offers more advantages than working for a small company, while others prefer the opposite. What do you think and why?
第2套:
运动
You have volunteered for a research study at your university about sports participation. You will have a short online interview with a researcher. The researcher will ask you some questions.
Thank you for agreeing to participate. I'd like to ask you some questions about your participation in sports. First, do you currently play any sports or engage regularly in any physical activities?
Thank you. If you were able to, what sport that you do not currently play? Would you like to be really good at why that particular sport?
Interesting. Tell me about an experience you had while playing a sport or engaging in a physical activity that you remember well. What made it memorable?
Great. Some people believe that children should not participate in contact sports like rugby or hockey because they could get hurt, while others believe that these sports teach awareness and teamwork. What do you think and why?
第3套:
Friendship
You have volunteered for a research study about people'sexperiences with friendship. You will have a short online interview with a researcher. The researcher will ask you some questions.
Thank you for signing up for the study. I'd like to ask you some questions about your experiences with friendship. First, do you have a large group of friends, or do you prefer to have a smaller group of friends?
Very good. Now describe a time when a friendship taught you something valuable or helped you see something from a new perspective.
Great. Next question. In your opinion, what makes a friendship last a long time?
OK, last one. Some people believe that maintaining friendships is essential for emotional well-being and life satisfaction. Do you agree or disagree with this viewpoint? Why or why not?
第4套:
As part of a University project, you have agreed to take part in a short research interviewabout health and wellness habits. A graduate student conducting the research will ask you some questions online.
Thank you for agreeing to participate. I'd like to ask you some questions about your health and wellness. First, do you have any specific routines or practices you use to maintain your physical well-being? If so, what are they?
Thank you. Can you describe any dietary choices or habits that you follow to stay healthy? Give details to explain your answer.
Interesting. If you could make one significant change to your diet or exercise routine to stay healthy, what would it be? Why would you make that particular choice?
Great, some people believe that mental health is just as important as physical health and should be given equal attention. Do you agree or disagree with this viewpoint? Why?
第5套:
personal organization
You have volunteered for a research study at your university about personal organization habits. You will have a short online interview with a researcher. The researcher will ask you some questions.
Thanks for volunteering to help us with this research. Today I'd like to ask you some questions about your personal organization habits. Do you consider yourself to be an organized person? Why or why not?
Got it. Now, would you say that your organization habits have changed or stayed the same over time? Why do you think that is?
Very good, next question, do you think organizational skills should be taught in schools? Why or why not?
Sounds good. And my final question, some people believe that being organized can significantly reduce stress. Do you agree or disagree with this viewpoint? Why?
第6套:
工作最看重什么
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